Overall Use Case Description

The example consists in 2 uses cases related to the development of architectures with different purposes:

1. Development of a capability architecture: The Capability architecture is used at national or multinational levels[^1] for specifying the design and the implementation of a system solution and the integration rules of the national systems in multinational capabilities. This architecture governs the procurement of the capability. The capability architecture is based on a series of strategic documents published either by the nation itself or by multinational bodies mainly for interoperability and contained in the enterprise architecture. This example addresses the development of capability architecture at national level of the Yellow country (reference country). The capability architecture is driven by the elements of enterprise architecture developed by the Rainbow organisation (reference multinational organisation).

2. Development of a project architecture : The project architecture is used at national of multinational levels for acquiring the system solution. The bid is based on the project architecture. The industry, through its answers to the bid, provides a concrete solution to the description proposed in the project architecture. This example addresses the delivery of a system dedicated to search and rescue for the “Yellow Country” which is member of the Rainbow organization.

The Project architecture will be presented according to the customer perspective. When possible the answers provided by the industry will be evocated.

Presenting these 2 perspectives aims at demonstrating a possible use of the NAF v4 in the acquisition process.

The example demonstrates:

1. The method to use for selecting and developing the views for each type of architecture (Enterprise OA, Capability RA, Project TA).

2. The use of the “grid” and the necessary content for developing concretely the architecture products.

3. The sequence of tasks for delivering these architectures.

4. The new sequence related to governance of the architectures.

NATO is engaged in the procurement of military capabilities and systems, mostly through the common funding process. Currently NAF is also used by the industry for describing civilian C2 capabilities[^2].

The example reproduces a “NATO like” structure: the Rainbow organisation.

The selection of a theme related to maritime surveillance tries to facilitate the transfer of military only to civilian activities. This theme can bridge the gap with the examples related to search and rescue which have already been used by tools and software editors.

The environment

General Presentation

This example takes place in a region grouping different countries named Blue, Yellow and Green which have set up a multinational organization Rainbow. The Rainbow organization acts as a supra national body for security, safety and cooperation between the member countries.

The Rainbow Organization has set up a dedicated body, the RSSC “Rainbow Safety and Security Committee” for coordinating the activities related to controlling vessels, vehicles and aircrafts cruising in the land, maritime, coastal and airspace environments. The RSSC is the coordinating body between the different countries. Some zones (mostly the countries EEZ) and responsibilities (coordination of maritime traffic and safety at sea) have been transferred at the RSSC level.

To achieve a safe and secure environment, a set of rules and means have been established. These rules systems and means are owned, procured and operated by the member countries. The RSSC has established a central organization, an operation centre the Rainbow Operation Centre for Security (ROCS) for coordinating information and activities at multinational level.

The example describes the approach followed by the Architects of the Yellow country for developing the necessary products for the acquisition of a Search and Rescue system. This approach includes the development of a Capability and project architectures.

The context of the Yellow country is as follows:

1. Specific environment

   1. Yellow sits between Blue and Green.

   2. Yellow has a big human force for running the maritime surveillance.

2. Overall

   1. Immigration and movement of population needs to be strictly monitored.

   2. Safety at sea for migrant population is at stake.

   3. The commercial maritime traffic must be controlled.

   4. Rainbow coordinates the control of traffic on national EEZ of the countries.

   5. Rainbow wants to implement a synchronized capability for surveillance, custom control and safety.

3. Maritime surveillance objectives :

   1. Strategic

      1. Development of an effective maritime surveillance system including search and rescue capability.

      2. Need to ensure control on the movement of people goods and material

      3. Better linkage with neighbours and with multinational Level.

   2. Economic

      4. Reduce the costs of maritime surveillance.

      5. Re-use of the legacies (radio systems, radars).

   3. Technical

      6. Describe the capability of the maritime surveillance to develop in the yellow country for the 5 to 10 coming years.

      7. Integrate the capabilities of maritime surveillance of the Rainbow community.

      8. Increase interoperability between yellow forces and with Rainbow member states.

   4. Operational

      9. Common operational procedures exist at Rainbow level

      10. Interaction is in place between coast guards and civilian security actors (Heli-OC- Hospitals).

      11. Interaction is in place with other actors.

The following architecture elements already exist:

1. Rainbow has developed the enterprise architecture on maritime surveillance.

2. The Rainbow surveillance system connects the national systems.

3. Blue and Green have engaged the same effort, they have capability Level Architecture and Blue is equipped with a SAR system.

4. Each system already fielded has a complete set of architectures.

The following elements characterize architecture, systems, units and effects.

1. Each system has been developed with architecture and requirements bases.

2. A contract is planned for developing the Yellow Maritime Search and Rescue System (YMSS).

The following diagram provides the C2 of the Rainbow organisation (Capability Vision : goals and objectives).

Business Area

The Rainbow countries conduct maritime security operations using their intervention units, vessels, detection sites and operation centres. The nations monitor the vessels cursing in territorial waters and in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). National operation pictures developed by countries support national situation awareness and are merged, fused and coordinated by the ROCS.

The following diagram provides a (NAF v4) L2 view of the Yellow Enterprise architecture of maritime surveillance, which includes Search and Rescue.

Maritime Security

Maritime security relies on the effective execution of command and control, maritime surveillance and maritime safety missions. The following tasks fall under the responsibility of maritime surveillance:

• Observe;

• Detect;

• Classify;

• Identify.

To ensure the free circulation of goods and people through regulations, management and technical solutions are needed. The following diagram provides a C1 of the enterprise architecture of Yellow country on the specific aspects of search and rescue.

The main events to detect are as follows:

• Pollution,

• Petrol Pollution;

• Wildfires;

• Epidemical phenomena;

• Migration movements;

• Trafficking;

• Suspicious movements which could hide terrorist activities.

The mission of maritime security consists in providing a Common Operational Picture (Common Recognized Operational Picture) for supporting Situation Awareness over vessels, routes, shipments, ports access for implementation of the law and the execution of emergency measures.

Search and rescue (SAR)

The Search and Rescue (SAR) mission minimizes the loss of life, injury, and property damage or loss at sea by finding and rendering aid to those in distress. The Yellow Coast Guard executes this mission by:

• Conducting search planning and coordinating SAR response;

• Searching for, locating, and rescuing mariners in distress;

• Providing medical advice, assistance, or evacuation;

• Providing, when necessary, persons in distress safe transport to shore.

Detailed situation of the example

The example addresses the Yellow country situation and the development of the capability architecture. It focuses on describing how Yellow country will organize the national maritime surveillance systems for supporting the Rainbow organization.

The following elements describe the multinational perspective.

1. An enterprise architecture of the Rainbow community systems is available:

   Providing an overall description of the safety and security surveillance for the Rainbow organization (the description includes the full scope of safety and security and land, maritime, coastal, and airspace levels). The Enterprise architecture (OA) addresses the following elements at a 10 to 15 years’ time-frame:

   1. Actors

   2. Capabilities

   3. Operational Activities

   4. Information produced and exchanged

   5. The whole International cooperation domain

   6. Roadmaps are included for

      1. Technology

      2. Capabilities

      3. Doctrine

      4. Interoperability

1. A series of architecture objectives and measures of effectiveness for the architecture development have been delivered including:

   1. The number of concurrent missions which can be monitored and conducted by the systems of the Rainbow organizations, this number is derived to each nation too;

   2. The scope of search by type of assets and by zone to search;

   3. The number of nations capable of collaborating/interfering during an operation;

   4. The duration of the different missions.

2. For the specific aspects of maritime surveillance the following MoEs have been identified:

   1. The Scope of surveillance (type of vessels, types of tracks and the definition of the area of surveillance (AoS)).

   2. The Number of objects or targets which can be detected and monitored in the AoS.

   3. The number of objects or target equipped with AIS identification system which can be monitored in the AoS.

   4. The Number of surveillance stations (including the Load by Station).

   5. The organization of the system:

   1.  Manpower;
   
   2. Maintenance;
   
   3. Training ;
   
   4. Structures and relationships.
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3. The RSSC has already published a capability architecture which contains the following elements to be used for developing the Yellow country capability architecture. The outline of the content of this architecture includes:

   1. Purpose of the architecture

      1. Actors;

      2. Operational activities, messages, operational nodes;

      3. Capabilities;

      4. Services;

      5. Operational functions;

      6. Systems;

      7. Interfaces;

      8. Standards.

Description of the work to be conducted

The architect of the Yellow country will:

1. Develop the capability architecture for the SAR component of maritime surveillance of the Yellow country based on the information from the Rainbow enterprise and capability architectures,

2. Develop the project architecture of the Yellow country SAR system in line with the capability architecture .

3. This example will describe the steps followed by the architect for producing the architecture products according to the NAF